Background:
The ocean sunfish (Mola mola) is the world’s largest bony fish, yet many aspects of its biology remain unknown—especially in temperate regions such as the northwest Atlantic. While this species is found in oceans around the globe, key questions remain regarding its behavior, movements, and ecological role in this region. In 2022, Beneath The Waves launched a successful preliminary expedition in partnership with SeaKeepers. Additional smaller outings took place in 2023 with local New England charters, yielding valuable data and refining sampling methods. A larger, more dedicated expedition in 2026 aims to capitalize on the sunfish's seasonal presence and expand the dataset significantly.
Mission:
The mission of this project is to apply advanced bio-logging and non-lethal sampling techniques to better understand the biology and ecology of Mola mola in the northwest Atlantic Ocean. Researchers aim to gather baseline data on the species’ short- and long-term movement patterns (both vertical and horizontal), genetic connectivity and evolutionary history, dietary resource use, large-scale habitat use, and microbiome and parasite loads. This comprehensive dataset will help fill critical knowledge gaps about this iconic species.
Research Impacts & Applications:
The data collected will enhance scientific understanding of Mola mola ecology in temperate waters and may inform future conservation and management strategies. This work could support broader marine biodiversity and ecosystem health initiatives and may serve as a foundation for student research projects at both the undergraduate and graduate level.
